Efficient Adsorption of Methyl Orange on Nanoporous Carbon from Agricultural Wastes: Characterization, Kinetics, Thermodynamics, Regeneration and Adsorption Mechanism

Nanoporous carbon derived from Moringa oleifera seed waste was synthesized by an original process of flash pyrolysis followed zinc chloride impregnation. The N2-adsorption–desorption results the optimized sample revealed a BET surface area 699.6 m2/g and pore size 2 nm. It evaluated for adsorption mono azo dye, methyl orange (MeO), aqueous solution. Four isothermal models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevic Temkin) were applied to fit experimental data. that Langmuir is most appropriate model describe (X2 = 1.16); with capacity 367.83 mg/g at 298 K, interaction MeO dye nanoporous localized monolayer adsorption. kinetics consistent pseudo-second-order found correlate well data 9.06). thermodynamic study spontaneous endothermic process, substances are adsorbed in random manner. desorption MOC-ZnCl2 sodium hydroxide solution achieved level about 84%, recycled reused fifth cycle. This work demonstrates could be employed as alternative commercially available activated removal dyes wastewater.